Future of Artificial Intelligence: What Impact In Future?
- Artificial Intelligence, commonly abbreviated as AI, is the ability of mechanised tools and software to mimic and execute tasks and behaviours that re
Artificial Intelligence, commonly abbreviated as AI, is the ability of mechanised tools and software to mimic and execute tasks and behaviours that require intelligenceā¦
The Evolution of AI: Growth of Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence technologies as we know them today are marked by a history of creation of technologies, starting off with cybernetics, followed by expert technologies that can mimic human expertise, neural networks, machine learning, deep learning and so on. Here is a brief overview of the timeline of the evolution of AI technologies as we know them today. Works by Alan Turing- The genesis of the technology of artificial intelligence is long marked, almost a century ago, with notions of machines that mimic human intelligence as proposed by Alan Turing, Claude Shannon, Norbert Wiener etc. The foremost works that can be traced to AI as it is known today include the early works in cybernetics and neural networks. Alan Turing was among the first computer scientists to propose the idea of computer softwares that can effectively mimic human responses and patterns, as was seen in the āTuring Testā. Coining of the term āArtificial Intelligenceā -The term āartificial intelligenceā was coined by John McCarthy in 1956 in the Dartmouth Conference arranged by McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, and Claude Shannon. This conference marked the major turning point in the development and conceptualisation of AI technologies as it is known today. Early Research Related to AI - The very initial stages of development of AI technologies during the 1960s to 1970s pertain to the creation of early natural language processing models (ELIZA as created by Weizenbaum), works pertaining to mobile robotics (Shakey as created by Stanford Research Institute) etc. This period was also accompanied by criticisms and discourses surrounding the direction of AI research, the utility of AI features and so on. Dawn of Expert AI Systems - During the 1980s to 1990s, there was a marked uprise in creation of machines and softwares that could mimic the decision-making and problem-solving skills of human experts in specific domains such as in games of chess (as exhibited by IBM's Deep Thought), crucial decision-making etc. This era marked the path for AIās expansion as the expectations of scientists from AI and its capabilities exceeded the existing breakthroughs of the field. Machine Learning Advancements- The 1990s and 2000s were marked by the growth of machine learning technologies, development of statistical models for AI tools and softwares and creation of smart ML softwares like AI-enabled chess experts, support vectors, neural networks etc. Deep Learning Technologies- The dawn of deep learning in artificial intelligence technologies was marked by advancements related to deep convolutional neural networks, natural language processing, image recognition, reinforcement learning etc. This is the period of 2010s, during which deep learning technologies along with advancements in machine learning, cybernetics etc. together led to the diversification of the field. Modern AI -Modern technologies integrated with artificial intelligence have marked the dawn of features of responsible AI, general AI systems (which are more advanced than narrow AI technologies), diversified application of AI in industries like customer service, transport, cyber-vigilance etc. The journey of evolution of AI up until now has been marked by great advancements and strides, and the development of AI technologies in the future is yet another potential arena to explore, with its impact on various industries needing to be assessed carefully.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Crucial Industries
Herein, we have given a few crucial impacts that AI can have on various important industries in the immediate and longer future.
1) Impact of AI on Medical and Healthcare Industries
Artificial intelligence technologies, in tandem with database management systems are already being used on a widespread basis in management of medical and healthcare-related data, effective scheduling of medical events, appointments, health supervision and reminder systems etc. In the future, it is estimated that AI can impact the medical and healthcare industries in terms of futuristic AI-enabled nursing assistants, advanced disease diagnosis systems, faster drug discovery and so on, making the medical and healthcare industries more efficient, saving operational costs and reducing the scope of human errors in the practice of medicine.
2.) Impact of AI on Educational Sector
Currently, AI-enabled technologies are already being utilised in the educational and learning industries in the form of smart classes, AI-enabled chatbots that provide assistance to students, AI-enabled linguistic tools and learning platforms in the form of e-tutors. The future impact that AI technologies can have in the educational sector can be more focused upon efficient, accurate and expert assistance to students and instructors on an individualised basis. Certain hypothesised examples of the same can include smart AI-enabled teachers and tutors for students, individualised learning assistants, emotion-detection technologies that can gauge studentsā emotions in a curriculum, use of AI for creating digital ebooks and so on.
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